Solar power satellite factory in Pakistan

Pakistan is experiencing a solar power boom. Here's what we can learn from it A prudent energy transition must take into account how to integrate renewables into the existing grid. Pakistan's unstable electricity grid has driven a boom in adoption of renewable energy, led by solar.

While heavily investing in Pakistan's thermal power projects, China also benefits as the leading supplier of solar technology, influencing both sides of the energy equation.

Declining solar panel prices, coupled with skyrocketing grid electricity tariffs that have increased by 155% over three years, are fuelling a rush in renewable energy adoption in Pakistan, with solar power leading the way. The country is now the world's sixth-largest solar market.

The Pakistan case study illustrates how energy transitions must be carefully managed, incorporating renewables through grid modernization. Pakistan's rapid adoption of solar energy, driven primarily by market forces and with minimal political support, provides valuable lessons for other emerging markets.

It imported 17 gigawatts of solar panels in 2024, more than double the previous year, making it the world's third-biggest importer, according to data from the climate think tank Ember. Pakistan's story is unique, said Mustafa Amjad, program director at Renewables First, an energy think tank based in Islamabad.

Pakistan's story is unique, said Mustafa Amjad, program director at Renewables First, an energy think tank based in Islamabad. Solar has been adopted at mass scale in countries including Vietnam and South Africa, “but none have had the speed and scale that Pakistan has had,” he told CNN.