Electrical topology of container energy storage

We suggest the topology class of discrete hybrid energy storage topologies ( D-HESTs ). Battery electric vehicles ( BEVs) are the most interesting option available for reducing CO 2 emissions for individual mobility. To achieve better acceptance, BEVs require a high cruising range and good acceleration and recuperation.

The energy storage system comprises several of these ESMs, which can be arranged in the four topologies: pD-HEST, sD-HEST, spD-HEST, and psD-HEST. Detailed investigations will be undertaken in future work to examine special aspects of the proposed topology class.

Basic interconnection topologies of energy storage elements having the same cell type and chemistry. (a) Serial interconnection, (b) parallel interconnection, and (c) parallel–serial interconnection to increase storable energy, capacity, or ampacity and/or achieve a higher output voltage.

The total voltage of the energy storage system is the sum of the individual module voltages, so that loads and power trains designed for higher operating voltages can be operated. The switching elements allow defective ESMs to be bypassed and replaced by an emergency operational state using the remaining modules.

Besides, reconfigurable topologies on cell level and module level, without the need of additional DC/DC converters, have been investigated in the literature and are also presented and reviewed. We then suggest a new topology class of discrete hybrid energy storage topologies, which combine both research topics.

One approach has been to devise a topology in which the energy storage system can adapt dynamically to the load,,,,,,,,,,, . At the cell level, simple switching elements are used instead of complex and costly DC/DC converters.