Estimating The Distance Between Macro Base Station

Why is the distance between a macro base station and a Mu important?

Abstract—In underlay heterogeneous networks (HetNets), the distance between a macro base station (MBS) and a macro user (MU) is crucial for a small-cell based station (SBS) to control the interference to the MU and achieve the coexistence.

How does distance affect the intensity of radio waves?

The intensity of the radio waves is drastically reduced as the distance increases from the base station antenna. On the ground, in houses, and other places where people reside, the exposure levels from radio base stations are normally below 1 percent of the limits.

Can millimeter wave spectrum be used to build 5G base stations?

Utilizing millimeter wave spectrum to build 5G base stations is an inevitable trend . However, communication links in the millimeter wave frequency range have serious transmission loss issues, and the transmission distance of millimeter wave signals is very short.

How much exposure can a radio base station have?

On the ground, in houses, and other places where people reside, the exposure levels from radio base stations are normally below 1 percent of the limits. Only in the close vicinity of the antennas can the exposure limits sometimes be exceeded.

Do mobile phones need a base station?

Mobile phones and other mobile devices require a network of base stations in order to function. The base station antennas transmit and receive RF (radio frequency) signals, or radio waves, to and from mobile phones near the base station. Without these radio waves, mobile communications would not be possible.

What is a base station antenna?

The base station antennas transmit and receive RF (radio frequency) signals, or radio waves, to and from mobile phones near the base station. Without these radio waves, mobile communications would not be possible. Radio waves have been used for communication for more than 100 years. Radio and television broadcasting are well-known examples of this.